Socrates vs Thrasymachus

Any contention depends upon some principal understanding about the issue being examined. Anyway extraordinary the gap in feeling might be, there must exist probably some similitude in the participants’ way of review the issue if an answer is ever to be reached. Book One of Plato’s Republic includes a contradiction among Socrates and Thrasymachus about the idea of equity. The disaccord between their perspectives regarding the matter is amazingly articulated, however there are sure hidden understandings which manage the course of the debate.One approach to assess the legitimacy of the contentions included is to look at whether the suspicions at the base of the contention are as per this shared conviction. By my perusing of the discourse, Socrates’ answer to the initial segment of Thrasymachus’ meaning of equity rests securely upon this shared belief, though his response to Thrasymachus’ second definition moves from this commonly worthy base, and is ha rmed thus. In investigating this subject, I plan to analyze quickly Thrasymachus’ two-section meaning of justice.For every one of these parts I will assess one Socratic reaction and examine it from the point of view of the â€Å"craftsman analogy† †a similarity which is at first utilized by regular assent, yet which Socrates adjusts until its unique use nearly vanishes. Thrasymachus’ first meaning of equity is anything but difficult to state, however it isn't so promptly clear how it is to be deciphered. Equity, he asserts, is the upside of the more grounded. All alone, such a sentence could suggest, that what is valuable to the more grounded is only for and hence, advantageous to the more fragile, and Socrates as needs be asks whether this comprehension is accurate.Thrasymachus instantly reacts in the negative. The translation he continues to explain upon can be summarized by adjusting somewhat his unique definition: equity is what acquires the upside of t he more grounded. To help this definition, he focuses to the case of administering a city. Any decision class will form the laws of the region with a view to its own advantage, he affirms. Since it is simply to comply with the law, the individuals who carry on evenhandedly will be representing the benefit of the rulers (whom Thrasymachus conversely terms â€Å"the stronger†).Socrates makes his first complaint as of now, however I will treat this here just by chance: only to the extent that it permits us to perceive any reason why Thrasymachus presents the specialist relationship. Socrates questions that rulers are, as people, bound to commit errors †to mistake their impediment for their preferred position every so often. For this situation only acquiescence to laws would work to the ruler’s inconvenience. Thrasymachus reacts expeditiously, saying that a man who commits an error in deciding isn't at that point a ruler in the exacting sense, and acquaints the expert relationship with help this idea.Insofar as a man is a specialist, he won't commit any errors; botches are established in numbness, thus can possibly happen when a man’s information on his specialty is inadequate. The pickle which Socrates presents is along these lines evaded by Thrasymachus’ capability that blunders are never made by rulers as rulers. In spite of the fact that the relationship works from the start to Thrasymachus’ advantage, Socrates quickly turns it against him in another protest. All expressions, he declares, are practiced with a view to the advantage of the subject instead of to the advantage of the artisan.The specialist utilizes his clinical workmanship for the improvement of the patient, the pilot explores for the security of the boat and the mariners, etc. Like Thrasymachus, he distinguishes managing as a craftsmanship, and cases that administering likewise is practiced with a view to the subjects’ advantage. All through the cont ention, Thrasymachus inactively consents to Socrates’ singular focuses. Be that as it may, as we will see later, he dismisses the end drawn from these. From a goal perspective, one promptly faulty part of this contention is Socrates’ thought that administering is a craftsmanship in a similar sense that medication and route are arts.Despite its possible shortcoming notwithstanding, Socrates’ utilization of the relationship is the one piece of the contention which Thrasymachus can't address without bringing Socrates’ first protest by and by into debate. Along these lines this meaning of administering structures some piece of the shared view I have recently referenced. Albeit a complaint, for example, this may influence the target legitimacy of the contention, it is imperative to remember the way that Socrates isn't endeavoring to make an incontestable meaning of equity at this point.He is just noting an invalid contention by showing its shortcomings in word ing which compare to Thrasymachus’ viewpoint. Upset by Socrates’ line of thinking, Thrasymachus continues to proclaim a reexamined rendition of his unique explanation. Thrasymachus claims that bad form is more liberated and more grounded than equity and that it brings about a more joyful life. As in the previous definition, he doesn't consider so much what equity is as what it does; he rates the subject with respect to its advantageousness or scarcity in that department. Basically, this definition is an extraordinary expansion of the past one.Also, the model he utilizes for help †that of a despot fulfilled amazing and accordingly through unfairness †notices back to his underlying definition as administering being the upside of the more grounded. Unmistakably Thrasymachus has not been persuaded by Socrates’ last contention, regardless of his evident concurrence with Socrates’ focuses. He is contending in various terms, yet in real substance this new improvement is minimal in excess of an exposed logical inconsistency of Socrates’ past contention. He despite everything guesses that the vile will have the bit of leeway, and does close to give new proof to help this view.He basically pronounces: â€Å"You state that the best possible ruler will consider the advantage of his subjects and accordingly act legitimately. I state that bad form prompts a glad life and that specialists do focus on their own bit of leeway. † Whereas the shortcomings in Socrates’ recently talked about contentions are pretty much passable, there are a few factors in his next contention which make it dubious. In opening this contention, Socrates asks whether a simply man will need to overextend and outperform other just men. The two debaters concur that a simply man will consider it appropriate to outperform the crooked man, however that he won't have any desire to outperform his individual just man.The shameful man, then again, will need to outperform and show signs of improvement of everybody. Presently Socrates continues to utilize the skilled worker similarity to outline his case. With this case Socrates endeavors to demonstrate that the individuals who attempt to exceed their â€Å"like† are awful skilled workers. Coming back to the particular case of the specialist, he sees that a clinical man won't attempt to exceed another doctor, however will need to exceed the non-doctor. One imperfection appears to show up now in the contention. Socrates, no doubt, has left no spot in this for basic desire here.If the principal half of this relationship is valid, there is no space for a craftsman to progress and improve his specialty in a fair way, in light of the fact that except if he is out of line, he won't have any aspiration to outperform his kindred craftsmen. Anyway this can be replied by a look back at Thrasymachus’ idea of the craftsman â€Å"in the exacting sense. † No one is a craftsma n to the extent that he is in blunder, so the genuine craftsman will be not able to outperform another genuine craftsman: in a perfect world, the craftsman, to the extent that he is a craftsman, will as of now practice his specialty faultlessly.Socrates finishes this contention by saying that the person who attempts to overextend the craftsman can not have genuine information on the art. At the end of the day, genuine specialists will have the option to distinguish each other and to perceive the difficulty of outperforming one another. Since the person who needs to outperform everybody in a particular craftsmanship must not be a craftsman, he is uninformed of this workmanship. In this manner, Socrates guarantees, the unreasonable man is extremely uninformed and along these lines feeble and terrible. There is a checked qualification between this utilization of the expert similarity and previous employments. Already the relationship was utilized regarding the â€Å"craft† of ru ling.This was authentic in the setting basically in light of the fact that Thrasymachus consented to this utilization. Presently notwithstanding, the subject of the similarity isn't administering, however equity. Thrasymachus never expressly consents to this switch, and along these lines when it is made, the relationship no longer rests securely upon the shared belief. It is not, at this point a model acknowledged by the two gatherings thus its sole legitimization would need to lay on a target perspective on the contention. So we have another significant inquiry to inspect. That is, would justice be able to be properly viewed as an art? Regardless of whether it can from a dubious perspective, would it be appropriately practically equivalent to different specialties like medication or navigation?There are motivations to help a negative response to this inquiry. For a certain something, it could be contended that equity is progressively a way of acting, as opposed to an art in its own right. Though it is absurd to state that one can, for instance, read a book restoratively, or in an exploring way (aside from maybe as an interesting expression), one can practice an art or play out any activity either legitimately or treacherously. Equity is all the more effortlessly thought to be a proportion of how well an activity is performed than the activity itself. The most significant thing to note here is that Socrates has moved away from the shared conviction which has recently bolstered the argument.Before, the topic of whether Socrates’ models are dispassionately substantial was not all that pivotal from one perspective. For whatever length of time that Socrates was attempting to exhibit the illogicalities inside Thrasymachus’ position, there was a lot to pick up from contentions dependent on Thrasymachus’ premises, regardless of whether the premises were valid or not. For this last contention, be that as it may, Socrates does

Lost Boy Essays - Aqua Teen Hunger Force, The Lost Boy, Free Essays

Lost Boy Essays - Aqua Teen Hunger Force, The Lost Boy, Free Essays Lost Boy Dave Peltzer the creator of The Lost Boy recounts to his story from the time he left his harsh mother and alcoholic dad, through his encounters in five cultivate homes and adolescent detainment, and how he in the long run made it into the Air Force. He was an insubordinate, insubordinate kid who, in spite of his experience and character, figured out how to charm himself to numerous gatekeepers, social laborers, and educators. Pelzer writes in a legit, some of the time meandering aimlessly, style; he is rarely severe, and his story will discover numerous thoughtful perusers. The fundamental reason for Dave to compose this book is to appear at what lengths youngsters and youths have gone to over come the unmentionable hardships of and injurious family. The three most significant things I have gained from this book are difficult to pick. The book was loaded with numerous things to help me in my regular daily existence. Extending from step by step instructions to manage kids who have be through damaging circumstances to how children of misuse act in general. The first must be, Dave was extremely careful by they way he took care of his contemplations and sentiments. Numerous youngsters his age are going around pursuing young ladies and hanging with the folks. Not him he was concentrating hard and attempting to be better than his folks were. He would consistently waste away what he had, so nobody could take what was legitimately his also, that incorporates his life. The second thing that was helpful was the manner by which Dave was never irate with his circumstance he would simply take a gander at it as another test. Commonly through out the book Dave would need to change encourage homes subsequent to being genuinely settled in the method of living there. Most adolescents his age cannot deal with a lot of progress however Dave would simply take the path of least resistance and never flutter an eyelash lash. The third most important thing has to be his ability to help. I would imagine that since nobody would help him he would not help any other person. Despite what might be expected, Dave was continually assisting with errands, making supper, and doing minimal additional things he didnt need to do. I later discovered through perusing the book that Daves ability to help comes from his need to feel cherished and needed. I can genuinely say that I would never have experienced the careful preliminaries and tribulations Dave went however while he was in his youngster yes. It take an extraordinary individual to do that and Dave is that uncommon individual. Child rearing TECHNIQUES Daves mother was a grieved lady who for some obscure explanation jumped at the chance to target Dave and reprimand him for all terrible things that occurred. His mom was and Legitimate and careless simultaneously. Some may state how might one parent be on the two boundaries of things however there are a couple of case with in the book which shows both. For instance Daves mother would cause him to do all the tasks and never was so anyone might hear to play. For reasons unknown regardless of whether Dave completed what he was advised to do in the time he was advised to do it he would not be taken care of or more terrible he would be a piece of his mom Games and Test. His moms Games and Tests extend from placing him in freezing cold water for 5 hours one after another to causing him to sit on the carport ventures with his hands under his base head waterway a head for as long as 36 hours one after another no food, restroom, shower or different needs to live. Dave was spared from this loathsomeness when he was 15 however he was in child care and the child rearing procedures extended from dictator to liberal, yet anything was better than what he had suffered at his moms house. Wrongdoing Dave in his high schooler years was generally a very polite kid. He was buckling down in school and minded his own business generally. In spite of the fact that Dave had a little issue he like to take things with out asking or taking. Daves taking propensities originate from his essential endurance needs that he instinctually set up when his mom would cause him to go with out food, water, and fundamental sanitation. Dave now and again would likewise lash out at his non-permanent families with the goal that they would not get the opportunity to near him. Now and again when Dave would lash out he would be placed into another cultivate home and have

Benthams Principle Of Utility And Moral Ethics Philosophy Essay

Benthams Principle Of Utility And Moral Ethics Philosophy Essay Can be characterized as those standards on which our ethical choices are based. Morals are the feeling of good and bad, great and underhandedness, qualities and duty. In this manner it is considered as a significant part of reasoning. It very well may be depicted as the study of human obligation. These morals are in this way the estimation by which an individual is reviewed as being acceptable, awful and malicious. In basic terms moral morals are only the set of accepted rules chose by every individual for oneself for working in this world and individual beings.â Moral morals are shaped from the commitments and obligations of an individual in the general public. It's not possible for anyone to drive an individual to stick to moral morals. For example on the off chance that an individual sees a mishap casualty lying out and about it is his ethical ethic to assist the person in question however on the off chance that he decides to not do as such, at that point no social foundation can rebuff him for this reluctance. Consequently these morals are relative and emotional Utilitarianism is a standardizing moral hypothesis that puts the locus of good and bad exclusively on the results (outcomes) of picking one activity/approach over different activities/arrangements. 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Rule-utilitarianismâ The guideline of utility is utilized to decide the legitimacy of rules of direct (moral standards). A standard like guarantee keeping is built up by taking a gander at the outcomes of a world in which individuals broke guarantees voluntarily and a world where guarantees were official. Good and bad are then characterized as adhering to or defying those norms.  Deontological Theories Having quickly investigated deontologists foil, significance hypotheses of act assessment, we go now to analyze deontological speculations. As opposed to weightiness hypotheses, deontological speculations judge the profound quality of decisions by rules not the same as the conditions of undertakings those decisions realize. Generally, deontologists of all stripes hold that a few decisions can't be advocated by their belongings that regardless of how ethically great their results, a few decisions are ethically taboo. On deontological records of ethical quality, operators can't settle on certain unjust decisions regardless of whether by doing so the quantity of improper decisions will be limited (in light of the fact that different specialists will be kept from taking part in comparable illegitimate decisions). For deontologists, what settles on a decision right is its similarity with an ethical standard. Such standards are to be basically obeyed by every ethical operator; such standar d keepings are not to be expanded by every specialist. In this sense, for deontologists, the Right has need over the Good. In the event that a demonstration isn't as per the Right, it may not be embraced, regardless of the Good that it may create.  Ethical vanity  Is the prescriptive convention that all people should act from their own personal responsibility? Individual moral vanity  Is the conviction that lone I should act from the intention of personal circumstance, nothing is expressed about what thought processes others should act from. Individual moral selfishness  Is the prescriptive precept that all people should serve my personal circumstance? General moral egoismâ Is the general precept that all people should seek after their own advantages only? PC History The improvement of the current PC was the consequence of advances in advances and keeps an eye on need to measure. Papyrus helped early man to record language and numbers. The math device was one of the principal checking machines. A portion of the previous mechanical tallying machines did not have the innovation to make the structure work. For example, some had parts made of wood before metal control and assembling. Envision the wear on wooden riggings. This history of PCs site incorporates the names of early pioneers of math and figuring. What is a Computer? 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Numerical Calculationsâ Because of PCs, which have registering rates of over a million counts for every subsequent we can play out the greatest of scientific estimations. Arranging and Schedulingâ Programming can be utilized to store contact data, producing plans, booking arrangements and cutoff times. Hindrance of USING COMPUTER Computerâ addictionâ Is a moderately new term used to depict a reliance on ones computer. Computer addiction is not constrained toâ personal computers (PCs). It covers computer games and the Internet and has just been given a mark by therapists, in particular Internetâ addictionâ disorder. Over the top playing of disconnected PC games, for example, Solitaire or Minesweeper, or fanatical PC programming. Cybersex Addiction Habitual utilization of Internet sex entertainment, grown-up visit rooms, or grown-up dream pretend destinations affecting contrarily on genuine close connections. Digital Relationship Addictionâ Dependence on long range informal communication, visit rooms, and informing to where virtual, online companions become more significant than genuine associations with loved ones. PC morals PC morals is set of good rules that manage the utilization of PCs. Some regular issues of PC morals incorporate protected innovation rights, (for example, copyrighted electronic substance), security concerns, and how PCs influence society. For instance, while it is anything but difficult to copy copyrighted electronic (orâ digital) content, PC morals would recommend that it isn't right to do as such without the creators endorsement. And keeping in mind that it might be conceivable to get to someones individual data on a PC framework, PC morals would exhort that such an activity is exploitative. As innovation propels, PCs keep on greaterly affecting society. Along these lines, PC morals advances the conversation of how much impact PCs ought to have in territories, for example, man-made reasoning and human correspondence. As the universe of PCs advances, PC morals keeps on making moral norms that address new issues raised by new advances. Is another part of morals that is developing and changing quickly as PC innovation likewise develops and create. Code of morals in utilizing PC Data put away on the PC ought to be treated as genuinely as composed or expressed word. Security ought not be abused. If there should arise an occurrence of scholastic use, it is known literary theft. Data from open review ought not be changed or erase or difficult to reach since there are consider as dangerous act. Nosy programming, for example, worm and infections which are dangerous to the PC framework is likewise illicit. Sending vulgar and unrefined messages through mail or talk is likewise prohibited. 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You can find out about clinical issues, and legitimate issues. You can go to class on the web. You can compose a sonnet, a story, a book, a content. You can make a full-include film. You can form music. You can sift through your thoughts. Deal with your cash. Do your banking. Arrange your activity. Purchase show passes. Purchase basically anything you can envision on the web. Use PC to take care of all utilities tabs in 15 mins which wou ld take over an hour to go to the mail station to make installment in line. Keep an individual journal. Mess around. Design and make new games and projects. Find fascinating things, or see different nations. Learn. Develop. Collaborate. MORAL PCs today are one of the significant things we are utilizing. They have helped a great deal in arranging a ton information which used to be in hard records. One of the utilizations or advantages of PCs is that they

Organizational communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Authoritative correspondence - Essay Example Talking is an aptitude which is a physical capacity of each person. Anyway carrying out that responsibility in a viable way is named as â€Å"communication†. Correspondence is about sharing one’s thoughts, sentiments, data and feelings.The work of directors in enormous associations is critical thinking and dynamic. This is an extremely basic activity as it directs the course of the general public alongside the financial and administrative associations. It is a two way movement which requires a sender and a beneficiary. Any demonstration by which one individual provides for or gets from someone else, data about that individual's needs wants, discernments, information, or full of feeling states. Correspondence might be deliberate or unexpected, may include regular or unusual signs, may take etymological or nonlinguistic structures, and may happen through spoken or different modes. (National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities, 1992, p. 2) crafted by chiefs in enormous associations is critical thinking and dynamic. This is a basic activity as it directs the course of the general public alongside the financial and a dministrative associations. The activity incorporates distinguishing the issue which require consideration, defining objectives for it, structuring a legitimate game-plan, and assessing and picking among numerous elective activities. ... Choice emotionally supportive network is a modernized framework utilized for supporting as opposed to mechanizing choices. A choice is in a perfect world picking between options which have an gauge esteem. Supporting a choice methods helping individuals working alone or in a gathering assemble insight, produce choices and settle on decisions. Dynamic is appropriate to varying backgrounds, including choices about what to purchase, whom to decide in favor of, or on the other hand what occupation to take. The dynamic procedure begins with the assortment of data proceeding onward to surmising and judgment before at long last picking the correct other option. So as to comprehend the association altogether, understanding hierarchical correspondence is significant. Hierarchical correspondence, extensively, is: individuals cooperating to accomplish individual or aggregate objectives. Katherine Miller, p.1 The reason for correspondence may go from finishing an assignment or mission to making also, keeping up fulfilling human connections. The word move implies much more than the basic procedure of the origination of a thought by the sender and understanding of the same by the collector. It worries upon the psyche of the sender which made the importance followed by the entertainment of it by the collector. The goal of the correspondence comes up short if the understanding of the senders mind isn't right. Authoritative correspondence can include: Stream of Communication, Induction, Channels, gatherings and meetings. Most as of late, Organizational correspondence has progressed from a phase of correspondence between a sender and a recipient to an investigation of manners by which correspondence isn't only the way to achieve certain assignments inside the hierarchical settings yet additionally how the association we work for, influences

Alternative Views Of Intelligence Example

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Electronic Media Networks Essay - 1925 Words

The Effect of Electronic Media Networks on Society (Essay Sample) Content: The Effect of Electronic Media Networks on SocietyName of StudentUniversity The Effect of Electronic Media Networks on SocietyFor more than four decades, beginning in the 1970s, the world has experienced monumental revolutions in information technology, culminating in the global paradigm shift with regards to the way people communicate and interact. This paradigm shift has impacted greatly on peoples social lifestyles across all age groups. Most significant is the way in which technology has transformed peoples social interactions and interpersonal relationships by removing the barriers of time and distance. More than ever before, the world has been shrunk into a global village, whereby one can connect and interact with people from the other side of the globe with a single click. The invention of Interne-based social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Bebo, and Myspace, provide a convenient and efficient platform through which people can interact freely and ch eaply. It is not surprising, therefore, that most individuals today begin their day by checking into their social accounts for updates instead of switching on the television or perusing the morning papers for news. This trend has become a global craze whereby individuals rely more on social networking sites for information than mainstream media.Despite these benefits, however, this overreliance on social networking sites portends serious dangers to individuals and society at large. People have developed a kind of blogging syndrome whereby they wake up each day to post on wall, where they advertise their daily activities to the entire world as well as keep tabs on others. This habit not only encourages online stalking, but most important, exposes peoples privacy to outsiders. One common aspect of online relationships is the anonymity of the friends that one interacts with. This is situation results from the fact that online relationships function without the input of face-to-face int eraction. As a result, individuals accept friend requests from total strangers, with whom they begin relationships. In addition, long term use of social networking sites leads to a state of addiction, whereby individuals feel that they cannot do without interacting with their online acquaintances. Professor Steven Strogatz of Cornell University makes reference to the popularity of Twitter, where the conversation never stops, and you start to feel that if youre not involved in it, youre missing out (qtd in Jarvis, 2009). This situation suggests that technology has evolved to a level where it controls peoples lives through social networking sites. Technology has transformed peoples understanding of socialization, how they interact with friends, relatives, employers, and even how they conduct their love relationships. It has transformed people into robots who function in their virtual world without the emotional attachment and affection that is integral to physical interactions. Conseq uently, online relationships are not as meaningful and emotionally fulfilling as primary relationships. Moreover, social networking has weakened social ties by allowing people to interact whilst hiding behind the anonymity of the Internet. With reference to the positive and harmful effects of the Internet, this paper argues that electronic media networks cause more damage to society than good. One area that has benefited greatly from the popularity of social networks is business. Internet-based platforms have replaced traditional marketing mediums like television commercials, radio, and print adverts....

The Lottery Short Story Analysis - 1122 Words

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The townspeople conduct their business with a black box which has a sentimental value to all of the people so it has remained relatively unchanged through the years. Old and ratty the box remained with wood chips poking out as a safety hazard, but the people keep it as stated inShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery Short Story Analysis962 Words   |  4 PagesDestructive Traditions Within The Lottery Shirley Jacksons The Lottery, raises many questions in the back of a readers mind towards the destructive yet blind rituals of mankind. The Lottery clearly expresses Jacksons feelings concerning mankinds evil nature hiding behind traditions and rituals. As her theme, she shows how coldness and lack of compassion in people can exhibit in situations regarding tradition and values. Jackson presents the theme of the short story with the use of symbols andRead MoreThe Lottery Short Story Analysis1214 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story â€Å"The Lottery† written by Shirley Jackson begins with villagers gathering in the square, between the post office and the bank, to participate in the lottery which is not what it seems like because the story’s surprising ending reveals that Tessie Hutchinson, who draws the slip of paper with the black spot on it is stoned to death when the lottery ends. Shirley Jackson reveals through the use of irony, foreshadow, and symbolism in the story how much people can get caught up in maintainingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Unknown Citizen And The Short Story The Lottery 1230 Words   |  5 PagesThe Unexpected Truth The Poem Unknown Citizen and the short story The Lottery give examples how people can rebel and conform in different ways. The way these stories were written evokes a lot of emotions, from anger to confusion. In life there are two people in the world, ones who conform to every whim and those who will rebel to create a difference in their society or others. The Unknown Citizen, by W. H. Auden, is about a man who obeys the law and does what needs to done by a normal citizen.Read MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson974 Words   |  4 Pagesnature. b. Background In the short story â€Å"The Lottery,† the inhabitants of a village participate in a lottery, which is essentially a tradition for them. However, the villagers are oblivious to the true consequences and destructiveness of their death ritual. One June day each year, the lottery is conducted and the â€Å"winner† is violently stoned to death. The very same day, the villagers return home and carry on with their normal day-to-day functions. c. Thesis In â€Å"The Lottery,† Shirley Jackson manipulatesRead More Shirley Jacksons The Lottery 946 Words   |  4 PagesJackson wrote many short stories and even some books. They are more on the dark, witchlike side, however. Kelleher explains that Jackson stated in some interviews that she practiced magic. No one really knows if she was serious while practicing witchcraft or not, but it ended up helping her write her stories http://www.literarytraveler.com/literary_articles/shirley_jackson_bennington.aspx). A major story that throws people for a loop is â€Å"The Lottery†. This was Jackson’s first short story and many peopleRead MoreUse of Symbols in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson981 Words   |  4 PagesMany great authors use symbolism numerous of time in their stories. A symbol is a noun or word that represents a different idea. An author displays the symbols as a hit rather than blurting it out. Symbols are not only used in novels or poems, they are als o used in everyday use. For an example, the American flag has fifty stars on it which each star represents a state. On the other hand, the thirteen stripes plays the part of our thirteen colonies; the beginning of our country. Even with our highRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson And A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner960 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner The use of symbolism is used in literature to enhance writing and add meaning to a story, this is evident in the two short stories â€Å"The Lottery† written by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"A Rose for Emily† written by William Faulkner. With the authors use of symbolism Jackson and Faulkner are able to add depth to their writing in a way that connects with the readers. By adding symbolism to the short stories the authors manageRead MoreThe Unexpected Surprise of Violence1009 Words   |  5 Pagesin her short story â€Å"The Lottery† through the use of irony, symbolism, and denouement. On a summer day in a small town in the short story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson takes advantage of the peaceful environment and adds a convoluted twist through a misleading title and Old Man Warner and his traditions. The title, â€Å"The Lottery†, is viewed as a fortunate phenomenon at first, but once the reader apprehends the story line their viewpoint will never be the same. In the sentence of the short story, TessieRead MoreSymbolism in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson Essay example1173 Words   |  5 PagesWhen most people play the lottery today, they think about having wealth. Generally, people who win are happy about it whether they win one dollar or a million. The lottery in our society has grown to support education and it is often worth several million dollars. Usually, the winner of the lottery gains a lot of recognition for the money they win. But what would happen if there was a small town where people held a yearly lottery in which the â€Å"winnerâ₠¬  was the member of the town who was not sacrificedRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Lottery By Shirley Jackson910 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis of the Short Story â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson Shirley Jackson explores the subject of tradition in her short story â€Å"The Lottery†. A short story is normally evaluated based on its ability to provide a satisfying and complete presentation of its characters and themes. Shirley describes a small village that engages in an annual tradition known as â€Å"the lottery†. Narrating the story from a third person point of view, Shirley uses symbolism, foreshadowing and suspense to illustrate

History of Astronomy - Rise of Modern in 20th Century

Tycho Brahe has often been called the Father of modern astronomy, and for good reasons. However, I think that title really belongs to Galileo Galilei for his pioneering use of the telescope to magnify the view of the sky. However, Brahe did advance the science more than anyone in the past, simply by using his senses, rather than philosophy to study the sky. The work that Brahe began was continued and expanded by his assistant, Johannes Kepler, whose laws of planetary motion are among the foundations of modern astronomy. There are many other astronomers since Galileo, Brahe, and Kepler who have advanced the science:  Here, in brief, are some of the other bright lights who helped bring astronomy to its current place. Edmund Halley (1656-1742) was a British astronomer who was also a big fan of Sir Isaac Newton. After encouraging Newton to write his Principia, Halley then published it at his own expense. Not stopping to rest on the fame of another, he went on to calculate the orbits of comets, including the one named after him.Sir William Herschel (1738-1822), though born in Germany, was a British astronomer. He discovered Uranus in 1781 coined the word asteroids. He also cataloged about 2,000 nebulae, discovered several satellites of Uranus and Saturn, studied the rotation of planets. Discovered and studied binary stars. He discovered two satellites each orbiting Uranus and Saturn. He studied the rotation period of many planets, the motion of double stars, and nebulae. He cataloged more than 800 double stars and contributed new information on the constitution of nebulae. Herschel was the first to propose that these nebulae were composed of stars. He is considered the founder of sidereal astronomy. Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was a German-born American physicist and Nobel laureate. He may be the most well-known scientist of the 20th century. In 1915, he developed his general theory of relativity, which states that the speed of light is constant and that the curvature of space and the passage of time are linked to gravity. Thinking the universe was unchanging, he inserted a  cosmological constant fudge factor  into his calculations to make them fit his viewpoint.Willem de Sitter: (1872 - 1934), a Dutch astronomer, removed Einsteins cosmological constant from his calculations and used the theory of relativity to show that the universe may always be expanding.Georges-Henri Lemaitre: (1894 - 1966) was not only a Belgian astronomer, he was also a Jesuit priest. Discovering the writings of Russian mathematician, Alexander Friedmann, Lemaitre took his solution for an expanding universe and theorized that if the universe is expanding, if we follow it back to the starting point, th en our universe began as a great cosmic egg which exploded and expanded outward. Lemaitre is often referred to as the father of the Big Bang theory.Edwin P Hubble (1889-1953), American Astronomer. In the 1920s, Albert Einstein stated, I have made my greatest blunder. This pronouncement came when Hubble  demonstrated that the universe was not static and Einsteins cosmological constant was not necessary. Utilizing improved telescopic devices, he was also able to confirm that those fuzzy objects astronomers had seen for years were in fact other galaxies.Thomas Gold (1920 - 2004) was an American astronomer. Though it is generally believed that Golds steady state theory of the universe is incorrect, he made many major contributions to our knowledge of the universe, including the nature of pulsars as rotating neutron stars, and the origin of planetary hydrocarbons. These are just a few of the astronomers and their findings in the pre- and early 20th century history of astronomy. There have been and are many other great brains in the field of astronomy, but its time to get away from history for now. Well meet some of these other astronomers throughout the rest of our lessons. Next, well look at numbers. Fourth Lesson Big Numbers Lesson 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

How technology enhances the physical education curriculum...

How technology enhances the physical education curriculum In order to improve the physical education curriculum educators must incorporate technology to enhance computer literacy, develop software that complements physical education and integrate technology to enhance performance. The world we live in today is filled with technological advancements and we are only going to become more and more technologically oriented as a society in the future. These new advancements in technology are improving our lives and making things possible we had never thought possible before now. As well as these changes in our daily lives, technology has also changed the face of education, specifically physical education. As educators searching for the best†¦show more content†¦A great deal of video games and television shows require little or no physical activity. This causes children to sit around continuously and get fatter and fatter. Because of these poor health conditions of these children â€Å"Researchers in the United Kingdom state that this ge neration of children will be the first generation to die before their parents because of health issues stemming from obesity.† (Walking Towards Health and Fitness, 2004). It is imperative that as physical educators we must do all that we can do to help stop childhood obesity. Technology and the use of the Internet are now helping in many ways to try and get children more active and decrease inactivity. Many people blame technology as the cause of this inactivity. However, we live in a technological society so we much use it to help us correct this problem. In today’s world computers and the Internet as well as many other aspects of technology will most likely play an integral role in the careers of our pupils. As teachers we must try to integrate technology into as many aspects of the educational system as possible in order to allow children to become computer savvy and give them the edge in their field. In order to accomplish this we can incorporate technologyShow MoreRelatedIpads Vs. Pe Curriculum1406 Words   |  6 Pages Due to the education apps available for the iPads, they are currently seen as a means to view content, however, within Science, teachers have reported utilising the iPad to alter and create new content to support the curriculum (Stoll Beattey, 2011). The literature supports the usage of iPads to support the PE curriculum, in particular dealing with science and movement (Lee S. M., Burgeson, Fulton, Spain, 2007).It can be concluded that iPads are a more beneficial and effective material whenRead MoreThe Impact of Technology on Student Learning in Physical Education 1085 Words   |  4 Pagescompiled from my literature review on the impact of technology on student learning in Physical Education. Thesis statement: Technology impacts student learning by motivating students to remain focused and physically engaged for longer durations in Physical Education. I will discuss factors influencing the topic, shifts in perspectives, basic assumptions that have guided this work, how the trend is being studied, and existing gaps in research and how filling those gaps would improve my profession. WhatRead MoreTechnology s Impact On Young Children1465 Words   |  6 Pagesstructure. It is believed that the use of technology can alter the wiring of the brain (Taylor 2012). When children are exposed to technology, it may condition the brain to pay attention to multiple stimuli; as a result become more distracted and cause decreased memory. Technology also hinders a child’s ability to empathise. They are less likely to pick up on non verbal cues, emotions, and awareness of expressions. Therefore, children with less physical contact tend to have trouble developing socialRead MoreThe Creative Curriculum Program Is An Effective Learning Style981 Words   |  4 PagesThe Creative Curriculum program is an effective learning style that assists preschool children ranging from ages 3 to 5 years old. Founded by a former preschool teacher, Diane Trister Dodge, this early childhood education program with a comprehensive curriculum is structured to be directed by the teacher, but in itiated by the children. The philosophy of the Creative Curriculum is to allow the children to learn at their best efforts in an environment that is safe and open for exploration. Child centersRead MoreThe Academy Of Business And Entrepreneurship Charter School1408 Words   |  6 PagesI. SCHOOL DESIGN The Academy of Business and Entrepreneurship Charter School is a K-12 model school utilizing a unique combination of PA Common Core Standards aligned curriculum and specialized programming with a focus on developing 21st Century skills to prepare students for their post- secondary goals. It will open its doors in 2014, starting with 240 students in grades K-5 and add a grade a year to reach K-9 during the course of the initial charter. However, as the model is envisioned as a fullRead MoreHow Technology Has Revolutionized Education1076 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology and education can be a powerful combination/Technology has revolutionized education for the better. However, rather than completely embracing the modern trend of learning, many institutions have instigated limitations on the use of technology in an academic setting. It can potentially do students a disservice if used inappropriately. Conversely, class-oriented electronic devices including overhead projectors, computers, laptops, and assistive equipment for special education can be veryRead MoreAn Age Of Multimedia Authoring1461 Words   |  6 Pagesage of advancing technology it is widely researched and recognised that children from a very young age are exposed to and competently engage in a range of digital technologies and communications while at home. Over the past two decades, conventional literacy of reading and writing has shifted to multiple forms of multimodal texts, which are changing conventional classrooms into a ‘digital education revolution’. With the research from two national initiatives, the Digital Education Revolution (AustralianRead MoreUsing Tablets in Teaching English as a Second Language1191 Words   |  5 PagesT oday’s education faces a lot of challenges. The swirling changes and developments in teaching and learning all seem promising and yet are still at their infant stages. The Philippines is one of many developing nations that have turned to information and communication technology (ICT) as a tool to improve teaching and learning. Integrating technology in Philippine education has taken a lot of turns. The unprecedented advances in interactivity and multimedia capabilities together with a myriad ofRead MoreTeaching and Learning Rate of Change (Slope) in Senior Secondary Schools in Australia1524 Words   |  7 Pagesstudents at level where they utilise the skills of enquiry, collaboration, hypothesis, deductive reasoning, and experimentation in real-world examples so that misconceptions are be identified for remedial purposes. The use of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) can greatly assist teachers in providing differentiated learning environments to provide maximum lea rning outcomes for the diverse student population. Skemp (1976/2006) defines relational understanding and instrumental understanding andRead MoreIntroduction . Curriculum And Philosophy Have A Profound1102 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Curriculum and Philosophy have a profound effect on the students learning and school environment. It is important that teachers are aware of their philosophy and how their understanding of the curriculum impacts their pedagogy and student – teacher relationship (Ornstein Hunkins, 2017). This essay will explore my pedagogy and philosophy by analysing the curriculum and philosophy of Parkdale Secondary College. For the purpose of this assignment I will be focusing on the year 9 and

Smoking Bans Cut Number Of Heart Attacks - 993 Words

Smoking Bans Allyna Reyna Ms. Piazza English IV, Period 1 November 3, 2015 Smoking Bans cut number of heart attacks, strokes smoking bans quickly and dramatically cut the number of people hospitalized for heart attacks, strokes and respiratory diseases such as asthma and emphysema. Heart attack hospitalizations fell an average of 15% after communities passed laws banning smoking in areas such as restaurants, bars and wore places, according to the largest analysis of smoke-free legislation to date. The analysis included 45 studies covering 33 laws in American cities and states, as well as countries such as New Zealand and Germany. Stroke hospitalizations fell 16%, while hospitalizations for respiratory diseases fell 24%, according to the study, the more comprehensive the law, the greater the impact, says senior author Stanton Glantz, director of the Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education at the University of California-San Francisco. For example, a 2002 law banning smoking only in restaurants in Olmsted County, Minn., had no effect on heart attack s, according to a study also published Monday in the Archives of Internet Medicine. However, heart attacks fell by 33% after a 2007 law that expanded the smoking ban to all workplaces, including bars, according to the report, from Minnesota’s Mayo Clinic How cigarettes became uncool on campus. It has been about four months since signs went up all over Northeastern University announcing a smoking ban on school property.Show MoreRelatedSmoking Must Be Banned from All Public Places Essay653 Words   |  3 PagesSome states have adopted a law that prevents smoking in places like restaurants and bars, but that isn’t far enough. Banning smoking in all public places will significantly improve the health of innocent bystanders, which is something the public should want to strive for. More than 42,000 American die each year from smoking without even lighting up a cigarette, including 900 infants (Wanjek). With these statistics, why should smoking in public be tolerated? Christopher WanjekRead MoreSmoking In Public Places - Is a Public Smoking Ban The Answer?1023 Words   |  5 PagesIs A Public Smoking Ban The Answer? Imagine... you come into a restaurant and are seated in the smoking area, you chose to sit in this area even though you dont smoke and you know the smoke bothers you. A smoker comes in and sits down at the booth next to you and lights up. What do you do? A) Ask the waitress for another location in the non-smoking area. B) Ask the person who just lit a cigarette to kindly put it out? Or C) Get up and leave the restaurant? For many people, this isRead MoreEffects of Smoking Ban Laws Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Smoking bans are policies, which include occupational safety, regulations regarding health, and criminal laws, which prohibit tobacco smoking in public areas and in work places. The rationale behind these laws is to prevent non-smokers from the effects of second-hand smoke that may among other things result in lung cancer, heart diseases, emphysema and many other diseases. Smoking ban laws make smoking indoors in many countries worldwide illegal, with scientific evidence clearly showingRead MoreBans on Smoking in Public Areas1476 Words   |  6 Pagesadd all of these together and then multiply that number by four, you get the number of people that die because of smoking each year! Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the U.S. Each year more than 480,000 people die because of smoking. This is just one of the many reasons why I believe that cigarette smoking should be banned in public areas. I will argue this point in three ways. First, I will argue that the health eff ects of smoking are so harmful that cigarettes should not be allowedRead MoreSmoking Should be Banned in Public Places Essays1464 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the past few decades it has come to light that smoking kills. The federal government mandates that every pack of cigarettes carry a warning on it that smoking can lead to health problems including death. But the messages are rather clinical, for example: â€Å"Smoking Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, and May Complicate Pregnancy.† Smoking is a danger to one’s own health but there is now evidence that smoking can affect others as well. Second hand smoke has been shown to cause cancerRead MoreCloud of Smoke Essay example965 Words   |  4 Pagescigarette smoking should be banned from all public places, such as restaurants, bars, clubs and even parks. Smoking is one of the worst human habits that a person can pick up. Still, it is the choice of that individual, whether or not he or she smokes cigarettes. There is freedom of choice. As far as public places go, some do have an option of smoking or non-smoking sections. Yet, this might not be enough for some. These places do very little to separate the smoking and the non-smoking sectionsRead MoreBackground. â€Å"The Tobacco Control And Regulation Of Tobacco1860 Words   |  8 PagesAdvertising† is the Lebanon’s smoking ban stated in number 174 of the law which bans smoking in enclosed public areas such as cafes, restaurants, bars, government buildings and offices. The law was signed by 126 out of 128 members of parliament in August 2011(initial ban) and the legislation was enacted in 2012. But this edict had never been applied due to weak rule of law and practically unstable country like Lebanon. PROBLEM The predicament upon not applying the indoor smoking law has so many seriousRead More7)How To Fight Dental Caries. †¢Eat A Balanced Diet And1410 Words   |  6 Pagesin moderation †¢ drink of water after a sugary or acidic drink to help rinse out mouth †¢ after drinking sugary beverages, don t brush teeth right away, but wait for hour to let teeth recover from acid attack †¢ do not sip a sugary or acidic drink slowly, because you expose your teeth to acid attacks for longer period of the time in this way †¢ never drink sugary or acidic drinks before you go to bed 8) Science experiment- Test the fluoride strength You’ll need: †¢ 2 hard-boiled eggs †¢ FluorideRead MoreThe Cost Of Smoking Cigarettes1833 Words   |  8 Pagesare pivotal in generating more than half of the money they earned from exports, $165 million. So, would we be doing more harm than good by banning the smoking of cigarettes? When investigating the true cost of smoking cigarettes there is an overwhelming amount of research into the multiple effects smoking has on health. The smoke inhaled when smoking a cigarette contains 4,000 compounds which often leave toxic traces in the lungs and other organs. This is one of the biggest contributing factors asRead MoreMarketing Regulations Of Indonesia s Tobacco1146 Words   |  5 Pagescompanies to penetrate the market and aggressively expand their operations. Indonesia is among the five largest producers and exporters of cigarettes in the world (WHO, 2012). In 2011 Indonesia ranked third in the number of male smokers and 17th for female smokers (WHO, 2012). The number of cigarette consumers is the third-largest in the world. In 2008 the consumption of cigarettes in Indonesia was 225 billion sticks, with, on average, 12.8 cigarettes smoked a day (WHO, 2012) Indonesia is the only

Cloud Based IT Solutions Free Essays

For effective team communication, data on cloud is greatly appreciated as it lessens the number of mail threads and attachments. The members are given edit permissions to simultaneously update the file and the administrator can manage the application and the users.Cost Effective and ScalableBuying software and deploying in individual systems involves a lot of money and hardware space. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloud Based IT Solutions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hence Small Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) prefer using cloud applications to minimize cost. Other benefits include automatic updates and periodical maintenance, unlimited storage capacity and easy access from any geographical location. Pay-as-you-go model is common on all cloud applications or rather it’s one-time payment and above all the services are scalable according to the end user’s requirement without any impact on the performance. To ensure security measures have been implemented the service provider issues service level agreements (SLAs) to the legitimate users.DisadvantagesAlthough there are lots of pros in cloud computing, one has to accept the fact there can always be an outage or some technical problems. There’s a high risk involved in transferring confidential data to cloud and hence the company’s are expected to make sure their data is secured with their service provider. Hackers steal data from a physical machine through side-channel attack by monitoring the cached data from a virtual machine. Side-channel attacks are a class of attacks where an attacker attempts to assess the state of a cryptographic device and its contents. Botnet attack is yet another crucial issue when malicious codes are injected where the authentic users are denied access. Kourik states â€Å"new vulnerabilities inherent to Cloud computing include breaches from one virtual computing space to another, misappropriation of session security from web protocols, and limited encryption capabilities in many protocols.†(2011) Due to resource pooling, the data entered by the previous user may be retrieved through data recovery and accessed by the current allocated user.The other issues include failure to access data during internet downtime (typically during natural calamities) and flexibility to swap other cloud applications and delayed or no prompt customer support. Although the SLAs are produced by the service provider, the user is bound to do the due diligence periodically as there are possibilities of having difference administrative laws throughout the world. References: ADDIN EN.REFLIST Ali, M., Khan, S. U., Vasilakos, A. V. (2015). Security in cloud computing: Opportunities and challenges. Information Sciences, 305, 357. Anca, A., Florina, P., Geanina, U., George, S., Gyorgy, T. (2014). New Classes of Applications in the Cloud. Evaluating Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing for Telemetry Applications. Database Systems Journal(1), 3-14. Choo, K.-K. R. (2010). Cloud computing: challenges and future directions.(Trends amp; issues)(Report). Trends amp; Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 1. How to cite Cloud Based IT Solutions, Papers

Global Implication

Question: Write an essay on Global Impication. Answer: Oil and gas resources are the most sensitive yet growth oriented sector in international economy. The recent plunge in the oil price across world has been alarming for both oil importing and exporting countries, affecting them in a macro and micro level. The weak global demand aligned with excess supply of oil has resulted in a major price drop, causing extreme pressure to both the financial and production capacity of the oil producing nations. Also causing volatility in currency market affecting capital inflow and investment planning. The report will analyze the economic theory of supply and demand with respect to oil prices, studying impact on both oil importing and exporting countries as well as its influence in overall industrial growth. Introduction Oil prices have experienced stronger fluctuations in the past causing supply as well as demand differential and creating new scope to enhance the market production along with growth in earlier events. The oil market expansion has resulted to another oil plunge since 2014 causing change in the macro economic conditions, driving shock to international economic activity as well as global growth. Background Attaining stability in oil prices from 2010-2014 at around $105 per barrel, the prices have sharply declined since June 2014 to a current level of $38 per barrel in 2016. This fall in price triggered due to increase in supply of oil production followed by fall in demand has negated the behaviour of law of demand and supply due to numerous reasons. ScopeThe study would analyze the micro and macroeconomic factors of the issue causing price fluctuation along with its effect on the business activity around the world. It shall discuss the current domestic as well as global economic issues, implication resulting to such change and industries affecting due to such change.Aim of the reportThe report will conduct a brief review on international oil market, understanding the reason and rate of change in oil prices between the period of 2014 to 2016. The study would also explore how has the plunge in oil outlay has impacted the global performance of oil importing and exporting economies along with the implication of fall in price on international business.International Oil Market ReviewIn the past there has been evidence showing similar fall in oil prices with related magnitude in 1985-1986, this is when the OPEC members has reversed the production done an earlier by imposing cuts. The second incident took place during the economic crises took place in 2008-09 during the period of global financial crises. The reason for the drop in 1985-86 was completely supply driven i.e. excess of supply whereas the in 2008-09 it was short of demand at a global platform. The current plun ge is expected to be the amalgamation of the two (Baffes, et al., 2015).Oil prices Plunge from 2014 2016The oil prices around the world has been dwelling causing an imbalance with in the supply and demand; supply is facing a situation of abundance in oil production whereas the demand of oil is falling down due to the slumping of overall economic growth. The excess of oil production along with other economic factors causes excess production of oil, further affecting fall in oil price to around $60 per barrel in 2015 from $ 105 per barrel in 2014 to $38 per barrel in 2016 (Obstfeld, et al., 2016). Figure 1: Demand and Supply CurveAccording to the law of demand and supply, as supply increases the demand also increase to correct the fall in price whereas in the oil industry the rise in supply leads to falls in demand leading to further fall in the oil price, as shown in the above figure.Global Performance of Oil Price DropThe international slump in the oil prices has occurred due to va rious reasons including the change in the OPEC Policy Decision; Devalue of US currency; Over-supply of Crude Oil; Geopolitical Development and Reducing Demand. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), cartel of oil producers in the world, considering to control and stabilize the scenario decided to cut-down the oil production in 2014. Indifference between the OPEC countries with regards to reducing the supply where Iran, Venezuela and Algeria agreeing to the decision whereas Gulf and Emirates countries allies to refuse, leading to oversupply (Cashin, et al., 2014). Stronger US Currency US being a major importer of oil has created self-sufficiency through extracting oil and gas from different resources. Countries like USA and Indonesia with a huge domestic consumption of oil have arranged for these resources through domestic production. This results in reducing the market demand of oil against the supply available. The rise in the value of US dollar makes the currency stronger adding further pressure on the oil prices for countries where oil commodity value expressed in $ currency. The higher oil prices in these countries further reduces the demand for oil and higher supply from non US$ suppliers (Du, et al., 2010).Over-supply of Crude OilThe global oil market has witness greater un-anticipated supply and less anticipated demand causing the production from different sources like Shale in US increasing to an upside of 0.9 million barrel per day in 2014 created oversupply in the market. Though the oil supply in 2015 fell to 0.8 million barrel. The economies advancing way to use oil and gas efficiently has further reduced the demand (Frankel, 2014).Geopolitical FactorsThe geopolitical tensions have also had a down-sided effect on oil prices leading to disturbances in Middle East that continue to persist. Libya despite civil conflict recovered its production by 0.5 million barrel per day in 2015. The Iran nuclear deal between Iran and other countries seek to resign, reduce and convert Iran nuclear facility. Such deal would increase Iran oil exporter leading to oversupply of oil (Kilian, 2014).Impact on China Indian economies Oil ImportersOil prices majorly affect the growth rate and inflation in oil import countries, causing direct impact on the importer activity, monetary and fiscal policy response and investment opportunities. The reducing oil prices in oil-importing countries like India has a positive impact by fading the medium-term inflation as well as reducing the financial pressure through external sources; local banks tend to loosen-up t he monetary policy supporting more investment initiatives as well as growth.The benefit of lower price eventually is passed on to the consumers in the form of subsidies on the fuel consumption, in a way giving more spending power to the consumer. Also the lower prices leave less investment returns in the oil sector with regards to production and exploration, causing countries making investment into different sectors. The fall in the oil prices makes sector that are oil dependent such as electricity, transportation, petroleum, packaging, paper etc much more reasonable. This leads to oil-dependent sector moving faster with respect to their growth level, having more supportive conditions for making investment as well as providing better employment opportunities. The consumer in general would have higher disposable incomes in oil-importing countries with lower price scenarios (Kilian, et al., 2009).Impact on Iran Saudi Arabia economies Oil ExporterUn-precedent change in the oil prices has a negative effect on the oil-exporting countries with respect to managing the production at lower prices, causing excessive financial pressure to adjust both the imports as well as government spending on the same hand. The oil-price shock creates insecurity among oil producing countries forcing them to devalue their currency against US$. The oil exporters have dependency on oil earning as a source of their tax revenue to fund government revenue, future investment as well as social funding. Countries like Iran having dependency on oil revenue to support social and economic growth are adversely affected.Countries like Saudi Arabia and UAE are still likely to sustain the shock pertaining to the enough foreign reserve maintained by these countries. Other economies like Russia that are majorly depended on oil and gas industry, accounting for 70% of exports income has faced rapid devaluation of their currency Ruble leading to a continuous recession in the country. Economies like Vene zuela largest oil exporter facing the most difficult economic distress with inflation at the rate of 60% and oil prices falling to the lowest level causing spending cuts as well as subsidy (Kilian Lewis, 2011). Implication of Price fall on International BusinessThe fall in the oil price has received mixed response by industries dependent or non-dependent of the oil price movement. The implication of the fall in price has benefit some industries whereas it has affected some badly.Positive Business Inclination due to change Oil PriceAirline Industry Air passengersThe reduction in the crude oil according to International Air Transport Association has passed on the price differential benefit to the airline industries saving more than $90 billion in US in 2015. The oil price has led airline industry to run more competitively, passing on to the saving to the customer in a way of cost effective air fares and major frequency flights (Peersman Van Robays, 2012). Automobile IndustryThe ove rall automobile industry has been successful in transforming the savings gained from lower prices to the consumers, promoting them to buy heavy vehicles like minivans, SUVs etc (Benes, et al., 2015).Negative Business Inclination due to change in Oil Price Oil producing CountryThe oil producing countries from Russia to Iran where oil acts as a prime source of earning are tend to face deficit, causing financial pressure to meet the government expenses as well as further growth opportunities for their people (Baumeister Peersman, 2013).Environment Eco-Friendly TechnologyThe fall in oil price would encourage people to use more vehicles using gas, heat convectors and oil based technology whereas investment required in the green technology fades away (Arezki, et al., 2015). Conclusion The above study highlights the macro and micro economic factors affecting the fall in oil prices both for long as well as short run. The decline is significant reasoning to factors including OPEC policy objective, Geopolitical risks, US currency devalue etc causing macroeconomic, policy as well as financial implications. The micro economic factors can be seen as a result to fall in price through increasing inflation, cost management as well as credit issue causing further fall in demand. Bibliography Arezki, R., Laxton, D. Nurbekyan, A., 2015. An Exploration in the Deep Corners of the Oil Market. IMF Research Bulletin, 16(1), pp. 1-4.Baffes, J., Kose, A. M., Ohnsorge, F. Stocker, M., 2015. The Great Plunge in Oil Prices: Causes, Consequences, and Policy Responses. World Bank Group, Issue 1, pp. 5-12.Baumeister, C. Peersman, G., 2013. The Role of Time-Varying Price Elasticities in Accounting for Volatility Changes in the Crude Oil Market. Bank of Canada Working Paper , pp. 2011-2028.Benes, J., Chauvet, O. Kamenik, D., 2015. The Future of Oil: Geology versus Technology. International Journal of Forecasting, 31(1), pp. 207-221.Cashin, P., Mohaddes, K. Raissi, M., 2014. The differential effects of oil demand and supply shocks on the global economy. Energy Economics, Volume 44, pp. 113-136.Du, L., He, C. Wei, C., 2010. The relationship between oil price shocks and Chinas macro-economy: An empirical analysis. Energy Policy, Volume 8, pp. 4412-4453.Frankel, J., 2014. Why are commo dity prices falling?. Project Syndicate, 15 December. Kilian, I. Lewis, L., 2011. Does the Fed Respond to Oil Price Shocks. Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, Volume 121, pp. 1047-1072.Kilian, L., 2014. Oil Price Shocks: Causes and Consequences. Annual Review of Resource Economic, 2(37), pp. 133-157.Kilian, L., Rebucci, A. Spatafora, N., 2009. Oil shocks and external balances. Journal of International Economics, 3(99), pp. 181-194.Obstfeld, M., Milesi-Ferretti, G. M. Arezki, R. .., 2016. Economist View. [Online] Available at: https://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/oil/[Accessed 21 June 2016].Peersman, G. Van Robays, I., 2012. Cross-country differences in the effects of oil shocks. Energy Economics, 34(5), pp. 1532-1555.

Positioning and Communications Strategy for a New Weight Loss Drug free essay sample

Excessive weight has become one of the major issues in todays world. This leads to all sorts of health riskssuch as coronary heart diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, sleep apnea and many more. Furthermore, a research has shown that death rates from cancer were 52% higher in men and 62 % higher in women with excessive weight than in people with normal weight (Eugenia E. Calle 2003). A large proportion of overweight people have been trying to lose their weight in every possible way. However, not every attempt was successful. Due to that, the pharmaceutical industry has been developing and testing a large variety of medicines that are specifically made to help people with weight issues. One of the newest drugs on the market is Metabical, a prescription drug developed by Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (CSP). Based on the results from clinical trials, Metabical has been proven effective for weight loss of overweight people. The question is how willMetabicalbe introduced to the market? PULL MARKETING The main idea was to advertise Metabical directly to consumers in order to increase the awareness of the product. This strategy was based on pull marketing where the purpose was to attract the customers and make them approach the supplier or seller first. It is not an assertive way of marketing in comparison to push marketing where a seller calls potential customers on the telephone asking whether they would like to purchase a product they might not actually need. In 1997, the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) has reduced restrictions on direct-to-consumer-advertising concerning drugs. Therefore, the effect of the pull marketing was tremendously positive for the pharmaceutical industry. (Buckley 2003). It is also visible in a study made by Prevention magazine, where doctors whose patients came and asked for a medicine that they had previously seen being advertised, had the tendency to prescribe that same brand of medicine (even though they had different alternatives in mind). Following pull marketing, the strategy included: advertisements on the internet, television and radio. Moreover, print media was being distributed at the same time as the drug was being launched. This distributionwas continued in the same manner throughoutthe first year of the campaign in order to maintain the brand awareness on a high level. After the initial advertisement strategy, additional 100 000 health care pamphlets were distributed. These pamphletscontained a reply card which, if sent, would provide the sender with a sample of the product. The goal behind this campaign was to show the potential customers that Metabical is suitable for people belonging to the BMI range of 25-30. Body Mass index (BMI) is the most common index used for comparing weight and height. The calculations presents whether the weight is appropriate for the person’s height. If the weight is not appropriate,the person can fall in the group of overweight or underfed (Tim J Cole 2000). As mentioned in the article, an abundanceof weight loss pills were made for obese or severely obese people. However, the group of people with the BMI ranging from 25-30 were not suitable for these pillswhich, consequently, did not have any effect on their weight loss. Additionally, CPS has developed a support programme which will not only help in weight reduction but also help maintaining the healthy lifestyle. One of their key concepts in the campaign was: â€Å"Losing weight is tough. You don’t have to do it alone. Let Metabical and your health care provider start you on the road to a healthy weight and better life. † Regarding the support programme, Printup has developed an online contest to attract more customers to buy theproduct and participate in the contest to win a prize. In this contest each user can join in and compete with other users in reducing BMIs by the highest percentage. Not only Printup was making advertisements for consumers, she also developed a strategy to target medical community where advertisements were placed on online medical websites and also printed out in well-known medical journals. Several events were organized especially for medical experts prior to the product launch, one of which was a roundtable discussion. In order to spread the word of the discussion, coverage of this event was done by leading news organizations. DECISION MAKING One of the decision makers in this case are overweight people with a BMI rangefrom 25 to 30. The problem awareness occurs when the overweight person realizes how dissatisfied he/she is with her body image and how the excessive weight negatively affects health. Once the problem is recognized, the search for additional information begins. Usually the information is searched on the internet (medical forums or specialized medical websites), seen in magazines (advertisements in beauty and health magazines), television or even suggested by family and friends who have tried the product before or know someone who has. Additionally, doctors and other health providers will be asked since their medical knowledge is more reliable than of non-medical experts. After the information was gathered, the alternatives are being evaluated. In this case the alternatives are Alli and Xenical. When evaluating the alternatives certain factors will be considered: ingredients, negative side effects, results from other users and price. Since those 2 drugs have negative side effects and have not been proven effective for people with BMI 25-30, the only option is Metabical. Following the purchase, consumer will require some time to use the product and evaluate whether the product has met the expectations and provided desired results. Other decision makersare medical professionals such as general practitioners. They are aware of increasing obesity issue and other health risks that the overweight patients have. Therefore, they will search for information about the latest trends and new drugs on the market which will help solving these types of problems and acquire data from medical journals, medical seminars and conventions or from pharmaceutical representatives. The data needs to contain reliable facts and provide evidence of actual weight loss and beneficial health effect so the practitioner will be able to confidently prescribe the product. Afterwards, the practitioner will evaluate which drug would be the most suitable for each patient. Since Metabical is approved by FDA and has less negative side effects in comparison to Alli and Xenical, Metabical is the only option. MARKET SEGMENTATION The key success to brand building is market segmentation. Printup should make a thorough research onthe potential target customers and focus on two aspects: demographics and psychographics. Primarily, demographical data concerning the number of overweight people within the country will be needed. Based on those numbers, the proportions of male and female target consumers will be calculated and classified based on age, educational level and income. Different educational levels and incomes affect the consumers’ perception significantly. Additionally, psychographic factors will be analysed. This includes lifestyles, interests and opinions towards certain issues (e. g. There is a certain way on how â€Å"ideal clothing size† is perceived in the fashion industry. A large proportion of teenage girls and adolescents will feel that they do not belong to this category and will attempt to lose weight in order to increase their self-esteem). The Target Customer The optimal target consumer of Metabical are overweight (i. e. BMI of 25 to 30) females aged 25-65. This has been justified by an extensive marketing survey carried out in 2007. They survey results showed that 75% of women, which is eventually 10% more than men, are dissatisfied with their current weight as well as appearance. Additionally, 20% more women than men visited a health care provider for an annual physical exam and 15% more females than males stated they want to change their behaviour in order to live a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore according to the results of the survey, approximately twice as many women had been struggling to lose weight during the 5 years prior to the study and even more importantly, nearly twice the numbers of females were dissatisfied with the weight-loss options the market has to offer. This series of results clearly shows that women are the right gender to target. This argument is supported by a research showing that particular aspects, like for instance being female, increase the probability of drug use in weight management (Hulbert-Williams, Mendieta-Tan, Nicholls 2013). Moreover, concerning the income, women within that age group are most likely to have an appropriate income level to afford a costly prescription weight loss drug which is somewhere between $50,000 and $80,000+. Besides these women of this demographic profile will have a college education (plus) which is also reflected in their attitude towards the weight loss process. Rather than aiming for a quick and easy transformation, they are very much aware that losing the required amount of weight will need an entire lifestyle change, incorporating a balanced nutrition and regular exercise, a change which they are willing to make. These women see losing weight also as a way of ensuring to feel better and lead a longer life. They are motivated and willing to change their current behaviour. This description of the optimal target customer matches Metabical’s marketing message. The drug does not only need a successful demand, but much more a long-term demand, which will most probably be ensured by targeting these types of customers. Of course other demographics will also buy and test the product, which is important especially in the introductory phase, where many kinds of customers are attracted, so this might still call for some amendments of the product. Eventually the product should appeal to both men and women. USP and positioning Having already discussed towards which segment(s) the drug will be targeted, it will be essential to filter a unique selling proposition (USP) for Metabical. One factor would be the simplicity of taking the drug as compared to its competitive products. Metabical should be taken only once per day and not once per meal. This is due to the fact that the combination of calosera and meditonan works in a low-dose formulation producing dramatic weight loss for overweight persons. Another feature is that Metabical had some negative side effects if combined with excess fat and calories in the diet, which influenced a healthier nutrition and lifestyle as desired by the target group. In general, it comes with an entire support program in order to complement the pill. The center of the support system is the website that will be developed and will include: Reference materials, a weight loss tracker, food diary, nutritional and calorie calculator and a forum for personal support. This ensures even better results than from only taking the pill since it supports to maintain the healthy weight in the long run. Eventually Metabical is being presented as brand-new weight-loss option which is approved by FDA and endorsed by physicians. Therefore it also reaches most of those 55% of women who visit the doctor annually and are dissatisfied with weight-loss options on the market. It can only be obtained over prescription which makes it again different to other weight-loss supplements. Having this information, the basis for an effective marketing plan will be the right positioning of the drug. Making it only available over prescription gives it an image of being a special product which is approved by the FDA and it gives credibility to its positive effect since people value this to a great extent. Being placed some time on the market, Metabical should develop to perform very well, making it a highly trusted and the most prescribed weight-loss drug. Communications strategy Metabical needs to be communicated to two target audiences, end users and health care providers who write the prescriptions for the drug. As already discussed, the target market consists of overweight females between the age of 25 and 65. The most effective way would be to make use of various communication tools in order consolidate the message of Metabical’s importance. These tools would be a combination of television, radio, different print media and online advertising. Starting with print advertising, pamphlets as well as medical and other health related magazines will be used to place articles and other necessary information about the pill in order to create initial awareness. These print mediums will be placed at doctors’ offices, medical clinics, weight loss facilities and other relevant institutions that promote weight loss and a healthy lifestyle. The should contain the necessary information including the invitation to act, i. e. contact the health care provider to receive more information about the prescription of the drug. Online ads should be effectively placed in order to reach women within the defined target group who are actively searching for weight loss options. Success rates can be measured by number of clicks on the advertisement. Since advertising on the radio but much more on TV is rather costly, these mediums will be used only shortly before the release of the drug, which will also create some kind of drive or hype around the drug. Channels that will be targeted are news channels, health related channels and also channels that women watch frequently in order to reach our target market. Advertising would need to be very heavy at the time of Metabical’s launch and during the first year to establish the name of the drug. The advertising message itself must address the issue of the danger of being overweight. â€Å"Those extra 20 pounds could be killing you. Being overweight leads to heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and gallbladder disease. It’s time to get healthy – Let Metabicalguide you to a happier, healthier you. † would be a suitable message. Additionally it is important to ensure that the FDA approval is also communicated to the target market so that the record is set straight and no initial concerns are likely to arise. The communication to the medical community will be tailored differently. The major source of information will be print ads in popular medical publications and online ads on websites where health care providers receive most of their information about drugs. Information has to be provided about what is behind the drug, i. e. the RD phase, but also how to comply with the regulations meaning prescription of the drug; as well as possible side effects. If we want to bring in the â€Å"shocking† effect here as well, the right message would be â€Å"Atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and gallbladder disease. Your overweight patients are dying for help. Introducing Metabical – FDA Approved Weight loss drug. The end of the message gives credibility to the product by stating that the FDA approves the drug. It is essential to be equally successful in the marketing to doctors as patients because if the Medical Community accepts the drug as an effective and safe method of losing weight, more and more doctors will recommend it to patients and positive PR will follow.

Improve Your Essay Writing Skills Using a Poem Sample

Improve Your Essay Writing Skills Using a Poem SampleWriting an essay is not a simple task. You need to have the insight and some creativity. When you want to write your own essay, all the resources at hand are the best way to improve your writing skills.If you want to write an essay by yourself, then you have to write one and rewrite it, with each sentence as a subject. You can use a free writing sample. But it may not be enough to increase your writing skills. So, you must practice writing your sentences in your essay. You can also seek assistance from other sources.This will not only help you understand what is right and wrong in writing a single sentence in a real life. It will help you improve your grammar and sentence structure. This will not only make you understand the meaning of the sentence but will also help you understand the format of the essay. You can ask some friends or the people you meet to help you.Although they are not writing a single sentence in real life, they can tell you if your writing style and sentence structure are accurate or not. They will also be able to guide you in a good direction. The best part about this is that the use of paragraph sample will help you develop the correct style of writing as you go along.You can find many websites which offer this paragraph sample and many others which will help you. So, it would be a waste of time if you do not take the extra effort to improve your skills in writing. Just start using your knowledge and try out different styles. You will get used to this style in no time.Apart from using paragraph sample, you can also use blogs. Some of them can give you a detailed description of the topic of your essay. You can also check out your college books to get the topic of your essay. Or you can ask the person who is the authority on the topic for the topic of your essay.The essay can become easy to write when you write one on a topic that interests you. You will have less worries to think of the s ubject matter and find the right words to express your thoughts.

Riordan Manufacturing W6 Final Essay Example

Riordan Manufacturing W6 Final Essay Manufacturing is in need of a new process for its manufacturing of electric fans. With potential bottlenecks from the current process, both time management and expenses have been suffering. Many factors have been taken into consideration with the new innovative process. With the utilization of the new process it is not only going to be time saving but also will illustrate overall revenue growth. The proposal will include many implementation ideas that are going to contribute to the future success of Riordan Manufacturing: A cover letter detailing aggregate operations planning and TQM for Riordan Manufacturing †¢ A new process design for the production of Riordan electric fans †¢ A supply chain for the electric fans, taking advantage of any global opportunities available to Riordan Manufacturing such as lower labor costs †¢ A production forecast for the Riordan electric fans †¢ An implementation plan, including a Gantt chart †¢ The MRP for the Manufacturing of the Riordan electric fans New Process Design Riordans new process design will consist of three process improvements. The first will improve the efficiency between Riordan and their parts vendor in China. The second improvement will be to implement a just-in-time manufacturing system. The final improvement will be to pursue opportunities to recycle and minimize waste to adhere to industry corporate social responsibility standards. Riordans local vendors on time rate is currently 93% which is below industry standards. To improve the vendors on time rate Riordan will require that the vendor invest equally in an ordering system upgrade that will benefit both organizations by increasing he order and delivery systems efficiency. The new ordering system will link both organizations in order to communicate demand for plastic polymers instantaneously when an order is inputted into the system. This ordering system upgrade is the first of many process improvements that will be identified during the implementation of the just-in-time inventory system. Riordan will analyze industry best practices to determine t he best approach and process improvements necessary to successfully transition to a just-in-time inventory system. We will write a custom essay sample on Riordan Manufacturing W6 Final specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Riordan Manufacturing W6 Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Riordan Manufacturing W6 Final specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The just-in-time inventory system will improve Riordans production rate, reduce inventory and storage space needs Finally, Riordan will create a task force that will pursue recycling opportunities. The task force will research recycling methods that are consistent with industry standards. They will look at opportunities to market the organization as a green facility, pursue government tax benefits and reach out to the community as a socially responsible partner. Supply Chain/Global Opportunities Hangzhou, China is the location of the production plan for the electric fans that Riordan Manufacturing produces. Due to the low cost of production that it requires by having the plant in China versus locally in the United States, Riordan is already on the right track for operating at maximum profit by minimizing all costs possible. By outsourcing the polymer production and fan engine production, Riordan is able to reduce costs and raise profit of their Hangzhou plant. Their next step after receiving the polymers and engines from local companies through their just in time order programs on the computer, they use their production capabilities to produce the fans and then when completed, they ship out using FedEx or the Chinese international shipping company, whichever is able to offer the lowest price and fastest service for the order. This all depends on the polymer and engine producer being involved in the network of receiving an order demand to Riordan and instantly getting the request for the correct amount of product. This would change from their current out of the loop setup. Riordan would gain valuable time by involving them in the intranet, so that when an order is placed, it starts the production of engines/polymers instantly. This is the most cost efficient method of producing these fans involving global opportunities and labor options. Production Forecast The management at Riordan Manufacturing must make production forecasts for future periods in order to ensure that the company is using its resources effectively and efficiently. Riordan also needs to deliver their electric fans to customers when promised and the production forecast can help with this process as well (Chase, 2006). For this proposal, Riordan Manufacturing is making the production forecast for the 2006 fiscal year. In order to generate this forecast, management will use historical data. Management has taken the historical sales figures in dollars for fiscal years 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005 in order to make a forecast for 2006. The following table is the actual sales amounts as reported on the Profit Loss Statements. 2002 |$39,481,276 | |2003 |$43,418,370 | |2004 |$46,044,288 | |2005 |$50,823,685 | In order to determine the 2006 forecast, it is first imperative to determine the difference between each year’s sales. |2002 – 2003 |$3,937,094 |110% | |2003 – 2004 |$2,625,918 |106% | |2004 – 2005 |$4,779,397 |110% | The average of these differences is $3,780,803 or a 9% average increase in sales over the periods. Therefore, management at Riordan Manufacturing can make the production forecast for 2006 based on the average difference (Chase, 2006). Management has thus determined the forecast for 2006 should be $54,604,488. This forecast was calculated by adding the 2005 actual sales to the average difference of the periods. F2006 = $50,823,685 + $3,780,803 = $54,604,488 This forecast will enable management to effectively make decisions on the production schedule, labor, materials, and other resources necessary to the production of the electric fans (Chase, 2006). Gantt Chart Riordan Manufacturing New Design Process-Gantt Chart | | | | |Tasks |Start Date |Duration (Days) |End Date | |Finished Proposal |10/18/2010 |3 |10/21/2010 | |Decision on Proposal |10/20/2010 |4 |10/24/2010 | |Link outsourced production to Riordan Manufacturing |10/21/2010 |30 |11/20/2010 | |Link polymer manufacturer with Riordan |10/30/2010 |25 |11/24/2010 | |Implement just in time manufacturing |11/7/2010 |55 |1/1/2011 | | Develop ways to recycle and reuse waste |11/14/2010 |7 |11/21/2010 | |Market themselves as a green facility |11/17/2010 |90 |2/15/2011 | |Develop a method to reuse plastics and oils |11/28/2010 |62 |1/29/2011 | |Compare results of new design process to solve an potential bottlenecks |12/15/2010 |4 |12/19/2010 | |Implement new design process with all future locations |12/20/2010 |360 |12/15/2011 | [pic] Implementation The Gantt chart is a guideline of all the tasks that need to be completed along with due dates. It also shows which tasks are overlapping and helps depict a schedule that will convey organization and timeliness. With the tasks prepared as illustrated in the chart, management will then analyze any potential bottlenecks that may arise and a plan will be administered that will help complete the project. Once the implementation plan is determined, incentives such as reward programs can be evaluated to help motivate staff and thus team work will be administered. The operations planning of the new process proposal will include following all policies and regulations that are set. As noted in the following one important aspect when it comes to an implementation plan is time management, â€Å"Each task should be paired with an appropriate time frame for completion. You should be aggressive but reasonable with your time allocation in order to ensure not just completion but competent work† (Richards, 2010). With the Gantt chart this can be possible because due dates are already established. Management needs to be sure they are able to stay within the perimeters of the dates that are set. MRP Material Requirement Planning takes the end product requirements from the MPS and breaks them down into their component parts and subassemblies to create a materials plan. This plan specifies when production and purchase orders must be placed for each part and subassembly to complete the products on schedule. Most MRP systems also allocate production capacity to each order. Chase, 2006, pg 562) Material Requirement Planning is needed to meet a time phased requirement for fan production operations. The molded unit acts creates an input for the trimming department which can be used for creating additional parts. The trimmed remains are assembled at the as sembly department to create components. These components are then handled at packaging department. The shipping department supplies the products for the distribution department. The scrap material created by the different departments is causing concern for Riordan, because it is creating a large waste. Minimizing the wastes from each unit can help reduce the cost of fan production. In a time where waste reduction and going green is vitally important for the environment as well as company culture and awareness, finding ways to use the least amount of material, and then recycling or finding a use for the wasted material, will further our ability to show our commitment to company responsibility for the environment. References Chase, R. B (2006). Operations Management for Competitive Advantage. Retrieved October 17, 2010 from University of Phoenix Course Materials. Richards, Daniel (2010). Writing a Business Plan-Implementation Plan. Retrieved October 18, 2010. http://entrepreneurs. about. com/od/businessplan/a/implementation. htm University of Phoenix. Riordan Manufacturing Virtual Organization. Retrieved October 17, 2010 from University of Phoenix Course Materials OPS/571[pic]